The Sign Book

1. Legal Background

Sign regulation has existed in the historic districts of Nantucket and Siasconset since 1956 and throughout the island since 1972. In 1981 the Historic District Commission (HDC) of Nantucket adopted its first comprehensive set of regulations governing the design and use of signage across the island. The Historic District Commission created a committee, the Sign Advisory Council (SAC), to assist in the review of all Certificate of Appropriateness (COA) applications involving signage. These sign regulations are supplementary to the architectural regulations and have been amended from time to time since the early 1970s.

Sign regulation has existed since the passing of Special Acts of the Massachusetts General Legislature, Chapter 601 in 1955. Section 6 states that:

...The erection or display of an occupational or other sign exceeding two feet in length and six inches in width or the erection or display of more than one such sign, irrespective of size, on any lot, building or structure located within the Old and Historic Nantucket District or the Old and Historic Siasconset District [changed in 1972 to the "Historic Nantucket District"] must be approved in advance by the Historic District Commission. Evidence of such approval shall be a certificate of appropriateness issued by said commission.

Excerpts from By-Law: Enforcement of Sign Requirements, Chapter 124-2 & 124-3:

... Any person who violates any of the provisions... of this chapter shall be fined as follows: the penalty shall be $10 for the first offense, $50 for the second offense, and $300 for the third or subsequent offenses. Each day that a violation continues to exist shall constitute a separate offense... Enforcement shall be through the process of non-criminal disposition under MGL c.40 Section 21D and Article II of Chapter I of the Code of the Town of Nantucket. Enforcement shall be by any police officer or by an enforcing agent designated by the Historic District Commission.

The effective date for this by-law was November 27, 1990.

Generally, a sign includes any structure, device, letter, word, model, banner, pennant, insignia, trade flag, or representation used as, or which is in the nature of, an advertisement, announcement, or direction. Ideally signs enhance the architectural features and proportions of a building and its neighborhood. The HDC guidelines seek to promote harmonious, respectful, functional, and varied signs. Signs should express the special character of the associated business and be of a size that is in scale with the building and surrounding streetscape.

While not restricting content, signage on Nantucket generally should not be used to advertise the business or to list specific products or services. Businesses should advertise and market utilizing other media, such as websites, newspapers, tourist publications, radio, and television.

2. Procedures

2.1 Who Needs to Apply

Any residential, commercial, or municipal property owner or tenant wishing to display a sign exceeding 2′ by 6″ in width or a second sign of any size on any lot, building, or structure must apply. Signs that are displayed on a building or a window and are visible from a traveled way (including temporary signs or the relocation or alteration of existing signs) must receive approval from the Historic District Commission. If more than one (1) sign is desired, each sign shall require an application. Master sign plans may be required for large projects involving many signs. Signs which do not require an application (under 2′ by 6″) nevertheless must conform to general design guidelines (See Section 3).

2.2 Review Process and Procedures

1. Obtain a sign application and a copy of the sign guidelines at the office of the Historic District Commission, Planning Land Use and Economic Development office, 2 Fairgrounds Road.
2. Address questions about the regulations or application to the HDC staff or to members of the SAC at one of its meetings at 9 a.m. on Tuesdays at the HDC office. Applicants are encouraged to meet with the SAC for a discussion of preliminary design ideas prior to a formal application.
3. When designing a sign, give careful consideration to the material, location, and mounting of the sign. Do not have the sign constructed until it has received HDC approval.
4. Submit the completed application form, photographs, drawings, and color samples to the staff at the HDC office the Monday prior to the SAC meeting.
5. The SAC shall evaluate all signs prior to review by the HDC and provide the HDC with a written recommendation. See Appendix E for more information on the SAC. Applicants are encouraged to attend the SAC meeting as revisions and/or additional information may be requested.
6. The HDC must act within sixty (60) days of the date an application was submitted. Most decisions are made well within that period.
7. Signs must be built according to the specifications in the approved application; any changes require a new application. Changes made without prior approval will be deemed a violation, and the business or property owner displaying such sign may be subject to a fine of up to $300 per day.

2.3 Owner Responsibility

The term "applicant" is used throughout this book and refers specifically to the building owner, who ultimately is responsible for any changes to the exterior of the structure. The building owner also is responsible for providing information on signs to current and prospective tenants. The SAC and the HDC urge building owners to have restrictions regarding signs outlined in the lease agreement. However, we also recognize that the tenant usually makes the application and represents the owner throughout the process. Responsibility falls to the tenant to work out violations with the owner and the HDC.

3. General Guidelines

Sign design begins with the building. Is there an obvious space on the building where the sign would look appropriate? Many of Nantucket's nineteenth century commercial buildings were designed with a horizontal lintel "sign space" across the top of the storefront. A building's proportions, as well as the street character and neighboring buildings, will determine the appropriate size of the sign.

Where no "sign space" exists on a building, a wall sign with a vertical format or a projecting sign may be appropriate. Signs should be located at or near the public entrance and should not cover, obscure, or become inharmonious with existing architectural features and proportions.

All signs and parts thereof, including but not limited to framework, supports, background, anchors, and wiring system, shall be constructed and maintained in compliance with applicable building, electrical, and fire-prevention codes.

3.1 Colors

The use of subdued colors is encouraged. The number of colors should be limited. A darker background with lighter lettering and graphics is encouraged as a traditional and aesthetically pleasing presentation.

3.2 Content

1. A sign may provide the name of a business or facility, the nature of the business or service conducted on the premises, the street number of the premises, and the year the business was established.
2. No sign shall include the telephone number, email, or web address of a business, rates, other business locations on or off the island, or list more than one (1) specific product or service.
3. No sign shall include photography or process color art.
4. A sign designed with a trademark, logo, logotype, or logo mark of a specific business or commodity that uses a non-historical font style may be used provided that the trademark occupies no more than fifteen percent (15%) of the total area of the sign.

3.3 Sign Support

Sign brackets and standards traditionally are made of wrought iron or wood. A sign bracket shall extend the full length of the sign.

3.4 Lettering

Lettering which is traditional in appearance and style and has a historic precedent is preferred. Lettering that is too bold, too harsh or too thin in its simplicity, or "trendy," is discouraged and rarely approved. The application of Section 3.2 subsection D is relevant to the design of lettering on signs. See Topography, Appendix F.

3.5 Lighting

A sign may be illuminated for a business operating after sunset, provided that the wattage used not exceed 450 Lumens (under a 30 Watt incandescent bulb), not fluorescent in style, and that the source of illumination shall be shielded and directed downward at the sign. Lighting options can be further discussed with the office.

3.6 Materials

Signs shall be made of wood except as required by state or federal law. No particleboard, plastic, or baked enamel on metal shall be used. "Medium Density Overlay" plywood or marine plywood may be used, but it must be edge banded. Solid wood is recommended over plywood since plywood tends to delaminate with age. Other materials will be considered on a case-by-case basis.

3.7 Paint

All surfaces must be painted. No vinyl lettering is permitted. If gold lettering or ornamentation is desired, 23K gold leaf should be considered. Gold paint will tarnish in a very short period of time. If necessary, tan paint is preferable to gold paint.

3.8 Placement

1. No sign shall be positioned on a structure so that it obscures any architectural feature including but not limited to the cornice, window trim, door trim, or porch railings. Temporary signage exceptions are considered on a case-by-case basis.
2. A sign shall not interfere with, or obstruct, any official traffic sign, signal, or marking for any reason.

3.9 Prohibited Signs

The following signs and displays SHALL NOT be permitted, constructed, erected, or maintained:

• Signs or displays with flashing, moving, or intermittent lighting of any kind (e.g., time and temperature signs). This includes backlit electronic screens and electric strip/accent/rope/projected or neon signs.
• Portable signs including any sign mounted on wheels.
• Signs that are erected in such a way as to obstruct a door, window, or fire escape of the building to which the sign is affixed.
• Signs that are tacked, posted, or painted to poles, benches, barrels, buildings, posts, trees, sidewalks, curbs, rocks, or any structure.
• Off-premises signs, which advertise commercial activities taking place or a business located on another lot.
• Signs placed on public sidewalks or public property (e.g., sandwich boards, menu boards, chalkboards), except for signs erected by the town.
• Vending machine signs (See Section 4.17).
• Roof signs.
• Signs that name a complex of buildings or businesses.
• Freestanding signs, except for those that are grandfathered (See Appendix C).
• Vehicle signs (See Section 4.16).
• Attachment signs.
• Real estate signs, including sale by owner.
• Subdivision signs.
• Umbrella signs.

4. Sign Types

4.1 Awning Signs

4.1.1 Definition

An awning sign is a sign painted on or sewn directly to a roof-like covering of canvas that often is adjustable.

4.1.2 Size

No awning sign shall extend beyond the edges of the awning, or have a total area in excess of one-half (½) square foot for each linear foot of the front of the awning.

4.1.3 Placement

1. The lowest portion of any awning bearing an awning sign shall not be less than seven feet, six inches (7′-6″) above the level of a sidewalk or public way.
2. An awning sign for each of two (2) awnings shall be permitted for each business on the first floor.

4.1.4 Combinations

An awning sign may be combined with a menu box, wall sign, or window sign.

4.1.5 Provisions

1. Awnings require separate or previous approval from the HDC. The HDC will not approve umbrella-style, bubble, ellipse and ribbed awnings. Awning colors and materials should follow traditional examples and should not extend above the portion of the structure to which they are attached.
2. Attaching a patch of fabric that has the sign painted or sewn onto it to an existing awning is not permitted.
3. The business name and/or nature of the business may be painted on the vertical portion of the apron, which is parallel to the building front.
4. Awnings shall be non-illuminated and non-electric.

4.2 Construction and Site Signs

4.2.1 Definition

Construction signs are temporary signs erected on the premises on which construction is taking place, during the time period of such construction, to identify the job site. The sign may include the name of the architect, engineer, landscape architect, contractor, or similar artisans involved in the project as well as emergency and contact information.

4.2.2 Size

Construction signs shall not exceed 11×17 inches.

4.2.3 Placement

It is preferred that construction signs be attached or affixed to a structure, building, or fence and shall not be freestanding. However, should the location of the project or site conditions make placement on the building impractical, a single 4×4 wooden post freestanding sign not to exceed 4 feet in height will be considered.

4.2.4 Provisions

1. Only one (1) construction sign is permitted per lot.
2. Sign shall be a minimal number of colors on a white background.
3. Logos and identifiers shall be no more than 15% of the sign.
4. Due to the temporary nature of this sign type, non-wood material will be considered.
5. Construction signs must be removed upon the substantial completion of the project.

4.3 Directory Signs

4.3.1 Definition

A directory sign contains listings of two or more commercial establishments that share a common entrance.

4.3.2 Size and Placement

1. One directory sign will be permitted at the entrance of a building with multiple commercial establishments and one common entrance.
2. A directory sign for two (2) businesses may be either a projecting sign or a wall sign mounted near the common entrance, which does not exceed four (4) square feet. A directory sign for three (3) or more businesses shall be a wall sign mounted near the common entrance that does not exceed six (6) square feet.
3. When two (2) tenants occupy a symmetrically designed building with adequate and appropriate space for two (2) separate signs, two (2) signs symmetrically placed on the building may be permitted in lieu of a directory sign. These signs may be either wall signs or projecting signs and shall not exceed four (4) square feet each.

4.3.3 Combinations

No combinations of any signs are permitted for any business utilizing a directory sign.

4.4 Fence Signs

4.4.1 Definition

A fence sign is any sign attached to a fence. Fence design is determined by the Historic District Commission.

4.4.2 Size

1. A sign on a picket fence shall be three (3) square feet or less.
2. A sign on a fence of five (5) feet or more in height shall be four (4) square feet or less.
3. A sign on a split rail fence shall be less than three (3) square feet.

4.4.3 Placement

A fence sign shall be placed against the surface of the fence and shall not project above the top of the fence or off the side of the fence.

4.4.4 Combinations

A fence sign may be combined with one (1) of the following: menu box or wall sign not exceeding one (1) square foot in area and located at the business entrance; or one (1) projecting sign not exceeding two (2) square feet and located at the business entrance.

4.4.5 Provisions

1. Prior approval of the fence is required from the HDC.
2. One (1) fence sign will be permitted per building lot.
3. A sign on a split rail fence must maintain the rural characteristics inherent in the fence and be no more than 2 colors.
4. A sign on a split rail fence may only be applied to a fence of appropriate length. Split rail fencing should not be used as a free-standing sign post.

4.5 Flag Signs

4.5.1 Definition

Any sign constructed of fabric, canvas, or similar material bearing information relating to or identifying a business (with the exception of a national or state flag) secured or mounted on a structure in such a way as to allow wind movement and intended to be displayed in a free-flowing manner. Flag signs should comply with other relevant requirements from Section 3 regarding placement, design, and color.

4.5.2 Size

Flag signs shall be of such a size that will not obscure any architectural features, maximum size 15 sq. feet in scale with mounting and surrounding environment.

4.5.3 Placement

The lowest point of a flag sign shall be not less than seven feet, six inches (7′-6″), above the sidewalk.

4.5.4 Combinations

A flag sign may be used in combination with one (1) of the following: menu box, wall sign, or window sign.

4.5.5 Provisions

1. One flag sign is permitted for each public entrance of a building, with a maximum of one (1) flag sign per business.
2. Flag signs should be designed to have similar character, color, and style as other signs of the business and must conform to general guidelines regarding context.
3. Flag signs should be displayed only during hours of operation of the business.

4.6 Historical Markers

4.6.1 Definition

A historical marker is a sign indicating historical information (i.e., date of construction, early owners and builders, etc.) located on residential and commercial buildings.

4.6.2 Size

Historical markers shall be no larger than one (1) square foot. Signs shall be of a rectangular shape, or other shape approved by the HDC that is architecturally appropriate to the structure on which it is being placed.

4.6.3 Construction

Historical markers shall be constructed of wood with painted lettering. Bronze or other metal markers may be permitted with embossed lettering. Lettering and colors should be of a muted tone to respect the architecture of the buildings.

4.6.4 Placement

Historical markers shall be placed in such a way as to not obscure architectural features. The HDC recommends locations away from the main entrance and not placed high on the façade. Further consultation with staff or the Sign Advisory Council on this issue is encouraged.

4.6.5 Combinations

Historical markers may be, with permission of the HDC, combined with one (1) other historical marker on residential properties. Commercial properties may have the allowable combinations of other signs, plus one historical marker. As noted in section 2.1, all signs over 2′ × 6″, or use of more than one sign, must apply in advance to the Historic District Commission.

4.6.6 Off-Premises Business Identification

If, in addition to presenting historical information, a historical marker identifies a business entity (other than the business tenant of the building), or which is shaped in a "logo" of a business entity, approval must be secured to overcome the off-premises sign prohibition contained in Section 3.9.

4.7 Menu Boxes / Chalkboards

4.7.1 Definitions

A menu box is a weather-tight box constructed of wood with a glass or plexiglass front which is used to display menus, signs, bulletins, photographs, or other information.

A chalkboard shall be framed with wood, which may be painted an approved color or left natural. There shall be no text or logo painted, incised, carved, or in any other manner applied to the frame or the chalkboard.

4.7.2 Size

The menu box or chalkboard shall be no larger than five (5) square feet.

4.7.3 Construction

A menu box shall be constructed of wood. The front of the box shall use safety glass or plexiglass. Interior lighting should be no brighter than 450 lumens (30 watts) of incandescent light. The lighting source should be shielded and directed downward.

4.7.4 Placement

A menu box shall be placed on a structure and may not be freestanding. A chalkboard shall be placed against a building, at or near the public entrance, and shall not be freestanding.

4.7.5 Combinations

A menu box or chalkboard may be used in combination with one (1) of the following: awning sign, fence sign, flag sign, projecting sign, symbol sign, wall sign, or window sign. A menu box and chalkboard may be used in combination, thus reaching the max of two allowed signs.

4.7.6 Provisions

A description of proposed illumination must be included with the application.

4.8 Monument Signs / Rock Signs

Rock signs must be applied for and may be approvable if the following conditions are met. The rock sign:

1. Must be in a rural or semi-rural setting (i.e., outside of the OHD and SOHD).
2. Space allocated for lettering must not exceed three (3) square feet in area and the lettering may be no more than three (3) inches in height.
3. Must not exceed three feet in height as measured from the average grade of the surrounding area.
4. Must be securely installed.
5. Must not be placed in or on the street, sidewalk, or municipal utility easement.
6. May not be used in combination with other signs.
7. Graphics and text must comply with the relevant general guidelines from Section 3.

4.9 Projecting Signs

4.9.1 Definition

A projecting sign is any sign projecting outward from a building wall.

4.9.2 Size

1. The maximum total area of a projecting sign on a one-story building shall be no more than four (4) square feet per sign face.
2. The maximum total area of a projecting sign on a building with a street front exceeding one (1) story shall be no more than five (5) square feet per sign face.

4.9.3 Placement

1. A projecting sign must be located at or near the public entrance.
2. The lowest point of a projecting sign shall not be less than seven feet, six inches (7′-6″), above the sidewalk.
3. A projecting sign shall be separated from the building face by no less than three (3) inches and shall project not more than four (4) feet from that face, or two-thirds (⅔) of the width of the sidewalk, whichever is less.
4. The highest point of a projecting sign and its supporting frame shall be no higher than the top of the second-story window sills of the building from which the sign projects.
5. All projecting signs over a public way come under the jurisdiction of the Board of Selectmen of the Town of Nantucket.

4.9.4 Sign Support

1. A projecting sign or its supporting bracket shall not extend above the top cornice line of the building from which the sign projects.
2. No sign shall project beyond the bracket on which it is hung.

4.9.5 Combinations

1. A projecting sign may be combined with a window sign or a menu box.
2. A projecting sign that does not exceed two (2) square feet may be used in combination with a wall sign except in residential neighborhoods.
3. A projecting sign may incorporate a symbol sign. See Section 4.14.

4.9.6 Provisions

A projecting sign shall be allowed for each entrance door or set of entrances of a building, with a maximum of one (1) projecting sign per business.

4.10 Public Information Signs

4.10.1 Definition

A public information sign is a sign that is used by religious organizations and municipal or public services.

4.10.2 Size

Public information signs may not exceed six (6) square feet.

4.10.3 Placement

A public information sign may be supported by two (2) posts as a completely self-supporting structure or in an approvable location on a building or fence. The top of the sign shall be no more than four (4) feet above the ground.

4.10.4 Combinations

No combinations are permitted.

4.10.5 Provisions

No more than one (1) public information sign will be permitted on any lot.

4.11 Quarterboards

4.11.1 Definition

A quarterboard was a narrow rectangular board attached on the quarters of a vessel and used to designate the vessel's name, which was carved into the thickness of the board. More commonly quarterboards are used on residential structures to name the building. The ends of a quarterboard are typically decorated with carved motifs. Quarterboards for residential structures do not need formal approval.

4.11.2 Provisions

1. Quarterboards, as narrowly defined, may be used only to provide the name of a residence.
2. When designed for commercial purposes, quarterboards must comply with wall sign guidelines.

4.12 Street Name Signs

4.12.1 Definition

A street name sign is a sign, usually supplied by the Department of Public Works (DPW), located at the intersection of two streets, displaying the name of a street.

4.12.2 Size

Street name signs must be no more than five and a half inches (5½″) in height.

4.12.3 Placement

Street name signs shall be placed at the intersection of the main road and the new street and may be attached to a fence, the wall of a building, or on a four (4) inch by four (4) inch wolmanized freestanding post with beveled top, seven feet, six inches (7′-6″), above grade.

4.12.4 Paint Colors

Background should be cream. Lettering and posts should be gray or black. There also should be one half (½) inch gray border around the edge of the sign.

4.12.5 Lettering Type

Shall be three inches (3″) in height. The lettering may be sans-serif if it is all cap and block lettered.

4.12.6 Alternative Street Name Signs

Outside the ROH the following alternative street name sign types are permitted:

1. Recommended for rural areas (such as those zoned LUG-2 or LUG-3) that have low-lying vegetation: two (2) four (4) inch by four (4) inch posts. Secure sign with four (4) carriage bolts. The height shall not exceed thirty (30) inches. The sign face shall not exceed twelve (12) inches in height and forty-two (42) inches in length.
2. Four (4) foot high post set twelve (12) inches below grade with street names painted directly on a vertical layout or wood plates mounted with expansion bolts bearing street names.
3. Four (4) inch by four (4) inch wolmanized post set into concrete base with street signs set through the post and secured with wood dowels. Recommended for areas where theft of signs is a problem.
4. Within the ROH, only signs complying with sections 4.12.3–5 are permitted.

4.12.7 Provisions

1. Metal signs and posts are not permitted.

4.13 Suspended Signs

4.13.1 Definition

A suspended sign is a sign that hangs from below a porch roof or eave and hangs in a horizontal orientation.

4.13.2 Size

1. The maximum total area of a suspended sign on a one-story building shall be no more than four (4) square feet per sign face.
2. The maximum total area of a suspended sign on a building with a street front exceeding one (1) story shall be no more than five (5) square feet per sign face.

4.13.3 Placement

1. A suspended sign must be located at or near a public entrance.
2. The lowest point of a suspended sign shall be not less than seven feet, six inches (7′-6″) above the sidewalk.
3. The highest point of a suspended sign and its supporting frame shall be no higher than the eave line of the roof.

4.13.4 Combinations

A suspended sign may be combined with a window sign or a menu box.

4.13.5 Provisions

Attachments to suspended signs are not permitted.

4.14 Symbol Signs

4.14.1 Definition

A symbol sign is a three-dimensional representation of a product or service that a business sells.

4.14.2 Size

1. The area of a symbol sign shall be no more than one-half the allowable area for a projecting sign (See Section 4.9).
2. The size shall be calculated by adding one (1) front view and one side view of the object.
3. The front and side views are considered to be that which will fit into a rectangle or other geometric shape.

4.14.3 Placement

1. A symbol sign must be located at or near the public entrance.
2. A symbol sign shall be allowed for each entrance door or set of entrances of a building, with a maximum of one symbol sign per business.
3. The lowest point of a symbol sign shall be not less than seven feet, six inches (7′-6″), above the sidewalk.
4. A symbol sign shall be separated from the building face by no less than three (3) inches and shall project not more than four (4) feet from that face, or two-thirds (⅔) of the width of the sidewalk, whichever is less.
5. The highest point of a symbol sign and its supporting frame shall be no higher than the top of the second-story window sills of the building from which the sign projects.
6. All symbol signs over a public way come under the jurisdiction of the Board of Selectmen of the Town of Nantucket.

4.14.4 Sign Support

1. The symbol sign shall be attached to the bracket on which it is hung so that the sign will not swing.
2. A symbol sign or its supporting bracket shall not extend above the top cornice line of the building from which the sign projects.

4.14.5 Combinations

1. A symbol sign may be used in combination with one (1) of the following: menu box, wall sign, or window sign.
2. A symbol sign may be incorporated as part of a projecting sign; the area is calculated by adding the area of the projecting sign and symbol sign (See Section 4.9).

4.15 Temporary Signs

4.15.1 Definition

A temporary sign is any sign, including its supporting structure, maintained for less than thirty (30) days. Extensions can be granted by the Historic District Commission.

4.15.2 Provisions

General regulations governing other sign types apply to temporary signs as well.

4.15.3 Date-Specific Signage

Signage intended to inform the public about date-specific events shall be permitted provided they comply with the provisions of this section and section 3.9. Size shall be limited to smaller or equal to 11″ × 17″. Signage over 11″ × 17″ shall require an application to the Historic District Commission. Only one sign per event, per commercial location shall be permitted.

4.15.4 Banners

Banners are large format temporary signage. While banners have a historical precedent, the proliferation of banners is to be avoided. Banners should fit within an architectural area so as to not obscure larger architectural articulation. Sizes must conform to wall sign dimensions. Sail canvas or other fabric should be considered for the material. Special event banners mounted on town light poles are permitted by special permit and require Board of Selectmen approval.

4.15.5 Political Signs

A political sign is a temporary sign used to advertise candidates for public office or to address public concerns. The HDC encourages political signs to conform to all relevant stated guidelines. The HDC recommends political candidate signs be removed immediately following an election; however, signage must be limited to 30 days.

4.16 Traffic / Directional Signs

4.16.1 Definition

Signs that are necessary for the safety and direction of pedestrians and automobiles, including but not limited to stop signs, pedestrian crossing signs, one-way street signs, do not enter signs, etc.

4.16.2 Size

Within the ROH, a horizontal sign that shall not exceed one (1) square foot in area and must comply with the DPW standards for street signage.

4.16.3 Provisions

Traffic/directional signs shall not carry the name or logo of any business or product.

4.17 Vehicle Signs

4.17.1 Definition

A vehicle sign is any permanent or temporary sign affixed to, painted on, or placed in or upon any parked vehicle, parked trailer, or other parked device capable of being towed, which is obviously and conspicuously parked so as to advertise the business to the passing motorist or pedestrian; and the primary purpose of which is to provide additional on-site signage, or is to serve the function of an outdoor advertising sign.

4.17.2 Provisions

In order to not be deemed a vehicle sign, the vehicle must be parked in a legal or approved parking space. All vehicles with signage are otherwise prohibited.

4.18 Vending Machines

4.18.1 Definition

A vending machine is a coin-operated machine that dispenses merchandise.

4.18.2 Provisions

1. Vending machines shall be hidden from a traveled way.
2. The HDC encourages the use of fencing and/or lattice to conceal vending machines from sight of a traveled way, which must be separately or previously approved by the HDC.
3. Vending machines shall not be illuminated.

4.19 Wall Signs

4.19.1 Definition

A wall sign is a sign securely affixed to a wall, or painted on a wall, and not projecting beyond the building face fronting on a street or parking lot, and not above the highest line of the building to which it is attached.

4.19.2 Size and Format Restrictions

1. Horizontal Format Signs: Horizontal format signs shall not exceed two (2) feet in height. One wall sign with a horizontal format for a first-floor establishment shall have a square footage not exceeding one (1) square foot per linear foot of building face, not exceeding twenty (20) square feet. On a sign with a horizontal format, the maximum allowable height for lettering shall not be more than three-fourths (¾) of the total height of the sign.
2. Vertical format signs shall not exceed six (6) square feet.

4.19.3 Placement

1. A wall sign must be located at or near a public entrance.
2. One wall sign is permitted for each public entrance of a building.
3. When located on a corner lot, a wall sign will be permitted for each building side of a business, with a maximum of two (2) signs. The second sign, located on the side without an entrance, shall be twenty percent smaller than the main entrance sign.
4. Outside the ROH, if all of the business parking is located behind the building: one (1) wall sign may be used at the entry/parking facade and one (1) wall sign at the street facade. Within the ROH, only one wall sign is permitted.

4.19.4 Combinations

1. A wall sign may be used in combination with an awning sign, flag sign, menu box, symbol sign, or window sign.
2. Except in residential neighborhoods, a wall sign may be used in combination with a projecting sign that does not exceed two (2) square feet.

4.19.5 Signage for Second-Story Businesses

1. Total wall sign area allowed for a business establishment located on an upper floor shall not exceed one-half (½) square foot per linear foot of building face nor more than ten (10) square feet in the area above the first story window trim, cornice, or lintel.
2. If one business is located on an upper floor served by its own entrance, a wall sign not to exceed one (1) square foot in size may be used at the first floor entrance.
3. If two or more businesses are located on the upper floor(s), sharing a common first floor entrance, the applicant must use a directory sign (See Section 4.3).

4.19.6 Signage for Basement-Level Businesses

A sign is permitted for each business located in a building where the first floor is substantially above street grade and the basement level is only partially below street grade, provided that the aggregate square footage of the signs on a facade does not exceed the area described in Section 4.19: Wall Signs.

4.20 Wharf Signs

4.20.1 Definition

A wharf sign is a sign used to identify a business operating from a boat with slip privileges. A wharf sign may be attached to a wharf or a boat.

4.20.2 Size and Placement

A wharf sign shall conform to any one of three (3) types:

1. A one-sided horizontal wharf sign shall be placed between two (2) pilings at the end of an individual slip and shall run parallel to the wharf. A horizontal sign shall be the width of the space between the two (2) pilings and shall not exceed four (4) feet in width, and one (1) foot in height.
2. A one-sided vertical wharf sign shall be attached to the face of a piling at the entrance to an individual slip and shall not be higher or wider than the piling.
3. A two-sided vertical wharf sign shall be attached to a piling at the entrance of an individual slip on the water side, and shall be no higher than the piling to which it is attached and not exceed ten (10) inches in width.

4.20.3 Provisions

1. Signs may not include rates.
2. Graphics and text must comply with the relevant general guidelines from Section 3.
3. Lighting of wharf signs is not allowed.

4.20.4 Combinations

No combinations are permitted.

4.21 Window Signs

4.21.1 Definition

A window sign is any sign affixed to the surface of the glass or visible through a window or door on a permanent basis within one (1) foot of the glass and visible from a traveled way.

4.21.2 Size

The area of window signs shall not exceed fifteen percent (15%) of the window area or ten percent (10%) of the glass area of any required exit door. No window sign shall exceed the maximum allowable space for a wall sign when visible from the exterior.

4.21.3 Combinations

Window signs may be used in combination with one (1) of the following: awning sign, flag sign, menu box, projecting sign, symbol sign, or wall sign.

4.21.4 Provisions

1. Permanent basis is defined as more than thirty (30) days.
2. Removable window signs, indicating hours of operation and/or 'open/closed', business affiliations, emergency information and the like (excluding product or service information) are permitted provided the aggregate area of all such signs for a single business does not exceed one (1) square foot per entrance and that bright or fluorescent colors are not used.

4.21.5 Temporary Window Signs

Temporary window signs pertaining to special sales or events are permitted for no more than fifteen (15) days and may be affixed to windows provided that the total area of such sign(s) shall not cover more than fifteen percent (15%) of the area of the window to which it is affixed.

5. Commercial Buildings and Master Sign Plans

5.1 Definition

Commercial buildings include all buildings that are constructed to contain businesses and services. A multiple tenant commercial building is a commercial building with multiple commercial spaces. A master sign plan is a proposal submitted by the owner of a building with multiple tenants, or a group of buildings, to create a harmonious and aesthetically pleasing signage effect within a commercial building or buildings with multiple tenants.

5.2 Review Process

A Master Sign Plan shall be developed for all multiple tenant commercial buildings in advance of sign applications being submitted for individual tenants. The Master Sign Plan should contain proposals for sign types, sizes, and locations, and will be reviewed by the SAC prior to approval by the HDC. Applications for individual tenants will depict the sign's design and color scheme. Existing signage as of January 1, 2005, in the sizes, types, formats, and locations should be considered part of a Master Sign Plan for any changes of use.

5.3 Requirements

A master sign plan should contain the following:

1. A detailed listing of all sign types and locations keyed into the plot plan.
2. An accurate indication on the plot plan of the proposed location, types, and sizes of each present and future sign.
3. Elevations and/or photographs of buildings and existing signage.
4. An accurate plot plan of the site, showing the location of the building or buildings, parking lots, driveways, etc.

5.4 Amendments

Master Sign Plans may be amended by submitting a new Master Sign Plan that conforms to all other requirements of this section. The new application will then be reviewed by the SAC prior to HDC's review.

5.5 Provisions

1. After approval of a master sign plan, no sign shall be erected, placed, or modified, except in conformance with such plan, or amended plan.
2. No permit shall be issued for an individual sign in a multiple tenant commercial building until a master sign plan has been approved by the HDC.

6. Pre-Existing Nonconforming Signs

On-premises signs or other advertising devices erected before the effective date of the Historic District Act of 1959 in the Historic Districts of Nantucket and Siasconset, or before the Historic District Act of 1970 elsewhere, may continue to be maintained, unless any such sign is enlarged, reworded, redesigned, or altered in any way, including repainting in a different color. If and when the sign cannot continue to be maintained pursuant to the foregoing, immediate application must be made for a Certificate of Appropriateness for a new sign.

As part of the application, reuse of a freestanding sign armature with the proposed new sign may be approved provided that:

1. A. The armature was in use before the effective date of the Historic District Act of 1959 in the Historic Districts of Nantucket and Siasconset, or before the Historic District Act of 1970 elsewhere; or
   B. There exists a Certificate of Appropriateness issued by the HDC for the armature and a sign; or
   C. An approved or pre-existing sign and armature was maintained within three years of the date of application.
2. A. The size of the new sign shall be equal to the size of the previously approved sign for that armature; and
   B. Documentation of the previously approved and/or erected sign shall be submitted; and
   C. The location of the armature has not changed; and
   D. The proposed new sign is otherwise appropriate and approvable under the regulations set forth in this Sign Book. See Section 3 – General Regulations for further information.

7. Appendices

Appendix A: Glossary

Appendix B: Violation Procedure

The intent of the HDC Sign Violation Procedure is to reinforce general compliance according to HDC Sign Guidelines and with voluntary compliance through proper notification of violation and possible fines.

Repeat violators will not receive a second courtesy notice. A violation citation will be issued upon each repeat violation.

Appendix C: Historical Notes

1. Freestanding Signs

In the 1981 set of Regulations and Guidelines for Signs, it was stated that freestanding signs would generally not be allowed except as directory signs at the entrance to a complex of commercial establishments or as signs for open-lot uses, such as parking.

Although this regulation had existed for some time, it became controversial with the increased commercial development outside of town. Several approvals were issued for freestanding signs in the early 1980s on Lower Washington Street. The SAC soon recognized its error when four of five freestanding signs began to line the street, changing the simple and historic character of the area.

A moratorium was placed on freestanding signs in October of 1985. A study was submitted by the SAC to the HDC in January of 1986 recommending that no freestanding signs be permitted. A policy decision was made by the HDC on September 24, 1986, revising the 1981 sign regulations.

Freestanding signs are no longer permitted. The HDC defines freestanding signs to include any sign attached to, or part of a completely self-supporting structure, other than a building or a fence, including rock signs for commercial purposes.

2. Quarterboards

Quarterboards are not permitted as commercial business signs because historically they were not used except as ships' name boards. Their use on Nantucket as commercial signs postdates 1945.

"Names of the vessels inscribed in boards very frequently were fastened to the fore and after quarters along the rail. Forward they were at times called 'head' boards and aft, 'quarter' boards. They were usually simple to make them easily legible but fancy ends or scrolled decorations were to be found and some were highly carved."

— M.V. Brewington, Shipcarvers of North America (Barre, MA: Barre Publishing Co., 1962) p. 105.

3. Registration of Signs Pre-Dating Town By-Law

The submittal, to the sign administrator prior to May 1, 1991, of a photograph of a sign accompanied by a letter stating that sign's location and purpose and certifying its presence prior to November 27, 1990, shall be prima facie evidence that the sign submitted was erected and maintained prior to November 27, 1990.

Appendix D: Sign Advisory Council

A Sign Advisory Council shall be selected by the Historic District Commission to review all sign applications for compliance with the sign regulations, to discuss and meet with applicants on an advisory basis only, and to notify the HDC of sign violations.

The SAC shall be composed of five (5) full-time members and two (2) alternates. Each will be chosen by majority vote of the members of the HDC and will serve the SAC for a minimum of three years.

The SAC shall consist of members drawn from the community and shall when possible include professionals, active or inactive, in the fields of architecture, history, design, historic preservation, and landscape architecture. Business people, particularly those who understand design and historic signs, will also be appointed.

The SAC will meet regularly in the office of the HDC to process applications and discuss pertinent issues in a timely fashion. The SAC encourages applicants to attend sign meetings, as well as HDC meetings. A dialogue with applicants is always the most expedient way to resolve issues.

Appendix E: Bibliography